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Showing posts with the label TGF-beta

brief notes - doxycycline, TGF-beta, microgravity

The topic of low dose doxycycline (DOX) for Parkinson's came up on a forum. Rationale for its use in PD is typically based inhibition of a-syn aggregation , however DOX is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (2 and 9). Matrix metalloproteinases are a group of enzymes that break down collagen and some other extracellular matrix proteins. White tea is supposed to be good for preventing skin aging since it contains a substance that inhibits one or two matrix metalloproteinases (can't remember which ones). The extracellular matrix is the stuff in between cells and it is mostly collagen. A lot of TGF-beta, a signalling molecule involved in the immune system, is localized in the ECM and engages in 'solid state' signalling - it is not dissolved in fluid, it stays put and interacts with cells as they come in contact when the tissue is deformed by mechanical pressure or cells migrate . People with connective tissue disorders often have immune system problems because

Creatine, Asthma and Allergies

Creatine can exacerbate airway inflammation and asthma: Effect of Creatine Supplementation on the Airways of Youth Elite Soccer Players [2019] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30913162/ Creatine Activates Airway Epithelium in Asthma [2010] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21072743/ "Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an isoform of NOS, and increases in its expression have been linked to eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodelling in asthma... we found that creatine supplementation was associated with greater epithelial expression of iNOS and NF- κ B in both non-sensitized and sensitized mice (Fig. 3 a, b ), which could be considered a possible mechanism for the Cr-induced asthmatic phenotype." The increase in iNOS may have something to do with creatine's effect on arginine metabolism, though in macrophages, it looks like creatine reduces iNOS (?) : Creatine shapes macrophage polarization by reprogramming L-arginine metabolism [2019] - https://www.jimmunol.or